{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "dataVersion": "5.2", "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2026-4878", "assignerOrgId": "53f830b8-0a3f-465b-8143-3b8a9948e749", "state": "PUBLISHED", "assignerShortName": "redhat", "dateReserved": "2026-03-26T06:32:41.308Z", "datePublished": "2026-04-09T14:49:02.942Z", "dateUpdated": "2026-04-10T03:56:06.647Z"}, "containers": {"cna": {"title": "Libcap: libcap: privilege escalation via toctou race condition in cap_set_file()", "metrics": [{"other": {"content": {"value": "Important", "namespace": "https://access.redhat.com/security/updates/classification/"}, "type": "Red Hat severity rating"}}, {"cvssV3_1": {"attackComplexity": "HIGH", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 6.7, "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "format": "CVSS"}], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "A flaw was found in libcap. A local unprivileged user can exploit a Time-of-check-to-time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition in the `cap_set_file()` function. This allows an attacker with write access to a parent directory to redirect file capability updates to an attacker-controlled file. By doing so, capabilities can be injected into or stripped from unintended executables, leading to privilege escalation."}], "affected": [{"vendor": "Red Hat", "product": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10", "collectionURL": "https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/", "packageName": "libcap", "defaultStatus": "affected", "cpes": ["cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10"]}, {"vendor": "Red Hat", "product": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6", "collectionURL": "https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/", "packageName": "compat-libcap1", "defaultStatus": "affected", "cpes": ["cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6"]}, {"vendor": "Red Hat", "product": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6", "collectionURL": "https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/", "packageName": "libcap", "defaultStatus": "unknown", "cpes": ["cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6"]}, {"vendor": "Red Hat", "product": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7", "collectionURL": "https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/", "packageName": "compat-libcap1", "defaultStatus": "affected", "cpes": ["cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7"]}, {"vendor": "Red Hat", "product": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7", "collectionURL": "https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/", "packageName": "libcap", "defaultStatus": "affected", "cpes": ["cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7"]}, {"vendor": "Red Hat", "product": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8", "collectionURL": "https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/", "packageName": "libcap", "defaultStatus": "affected", "cpes": ["cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8"]}, {"vendor": "Red Hat", "product": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9", "collectionURL": "https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/", "packageName": "libcap", "defaultStatus": "affected", "cpes": ["cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9"]}, {"vendor": "Red Hat", "product": "Red Hat Hardened Images", "collectionURL": "https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/", "packageName": "libcap", "defaultStatus": "affected", "cpes": ["cpe:/a:redhat:hummingbird:1"]}, {"vendor": "Red Hat", "product": "Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4", "collectionURL": "https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/", "packageName": "rhcos", "defaultStatus": "affected", "cpes": ["cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4"]}], "references": [{"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-4878", "tags": ["vdb-entry", "x_refsource_REDHAT"]}, {"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2447554"}, {"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2451615", "name": "RHBZ#2451615", "tags": ["issue-tracking", "x_refsource_REDHAT"]}], "datePublic": "2026-04-06T00:00:00.000Z", "problemTypes": [{"descriptions": [{"cweId": "CWE-367", "description": "Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition", "lang": "en", "type": "CWE"}]}], "x_redhatCweChain": "CWE-367: Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition", "workarounds": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base, or stability."}], "timeline": [{"lang": "en", "time": "2026-03-26T06:56:21.213Z", "value": "Reported to Red Hat."}, {"lang": "en", "time": "2026-04-06T00:00:00.000Z", "value": "Made public."}], "credits": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Red Hat would like to thank Ali Raza for reporting this issue."}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "53f830b8-0a3f-465b-8143-3b8a9948e749", "shortName": "redhat", "dateUpdated": "2026-04-09T16:33:13.800Z"}, "x_generator": {"engine": "cvelib 1.8.0"}}, "adp": [{"title": "CVE Program Container", "references": [{"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/04/07/4"}, {"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/04/07/14"}, {"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/04/08/9"}, {"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/04/09/5"}, {"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/04/09/6"}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "shortName": "CVE", "dateUpdated": "2026-04-09T15:36:22.355Z"}}, {"metrics": [{"other": {"type": "ssvc", "content": {"timestamp": "2026-04-09T00:00:00+00:00", "options": [{"Exploitation": "none"}, {"Automatable": "no"}, {"Technical Impact": "total"}], "role": "CISA Coordinator", "version": "2.0.3", "id": "CVE-2026-4878"}}}], "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment", "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "shortName": "CISA-ADP", "dateUpdated": "2026-04-10T03:56:06.647Z"}}]}}

{"dataType": "CVE_RECORD", "containers": {"adp": [{"title": "CVE Program Container", "references": [{"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/04/07/4"}, {"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/04/07/14"}, {"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/04/08/9"}, {"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/04/09/5"}, {"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/04/09/6"}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "shortName": "CVE", "dateUpdated": "2026-04-09T15:36:22.355Z"}}, {"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment", "metrics": [{"other": {"type": "ssvc", "content": {"id": "CVE-2026-4878", "role": "CISA Coordinator", "options": [{"Exploitation": "none"}, {"Automatable": "no"}, {"Technical Impact": "total"}], "version": "2.0.3", "timestamp": "2026-04-09T17:47:45.456773Z"}}}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0", "shortName": "CISA-ADP", "dateUpdated": "2026-04-09T17:47:51.973Z"}}], "cna": {"title": "Libcap: libcap: privilege escalation via toctou race condition in cap_set_file()", "credits": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Red Hat would like to thank Ali Raza for reporting this issue."}], "metrics": [{"other": {"type": "Red Hat severity rating", "content": {"value": "Important", "namespace": "https://access.redhat.com/security/updates/classification/"}}}, {"format": "CVSS", "cvssV3_1": {"scope": "UNCHANGED", "version": "3.1", "baseScore": 6.7, "attackVector": "LOCAL", "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED", "attackComplexity": "HIGH", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH"}}], "affected": [{"cpes": ["cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10"], "vendor": "Red Hat", "product": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10", "packageName": "libcap", "collectionURL": "https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/", "defaultStatus": "affected"}, {"cpes": ["cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6"], "vendor": "Red Hat", "product": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6", "packageName": "compat-libcap1", "collectionURL": "https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/", "defaultStatus": "affected"}, {"cpes": ["cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6"], "vendor": "Red Hat", "product": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6", "packageName": "libcap", "collectionURL": "https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/", "defaultStatus": "unknown"}, {"cpes": ["cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7"], "vendor": "Red Hat", "product": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7", "packageName": "compat-libcap1", "collectionURL": "https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/", "defaultStatus": "affected"}, {"cpes": ["cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7"], "vendor": "Red Hat", "product": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7", "packageName": "libcap", "collectionURL": "https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/", "defaultStatus": "affected"}, {"cpes": ["cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8"], "vendor": "Red Hat", "product": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8", "packageName": "libcap", "collectionURL": "https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/", "defaultStatus": "affected"}, {"cpes": ["cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9"], "vendor": "Red Hat", "product": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9", "packageName": "libcap", "collectionURL": "https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/", "defaultStatus": "affected"}, {"cpes": ["cpe:/a:redhat:hummingbird:1"], "vendor": "Red Hat", "product": "Red Hat Hardened Images", "packageName": "libcap", "collectionURL": "https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/", "defaultStatus": "affected"}, {"cpes": ["cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4"], "vendor": "Red Hat", "product": "Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4", "packageName": "rhcos", "collectionURL": "https://access.redhat.com/downloads/content/package-browser/", "defaultStatus": "affected"}], "timeline": [{"lang": "en", "time": "2026-03-26T06:56:21.213Z", "value": "Reported to Red Hat."}, {"lang": "en", "time": "2026-04-06T00:00:00.000Z", "value": "Made public."}], "datePublic": "2026-04-06T00:00:00.000Z", "references": [{"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-4878", "tags": ["vdb-entry", "x_refsource_REDHAT"]}, {"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2447554"}, {"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2451615", "name": "RHBZ#2451615", "tags": ["issue-tracking", "x_refsource_REDHAT"]}], "workarounds": [{"lang": "en", "value": "Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base, or stability."}], "x_generator": {"engine": "cvelib 1.8.0"}, "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "A flaw was found in libcap. A local unprivileged user can exploit a Time-of-check-to-time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition in the `cap_set_file()` function. This allows an attacker with write access to a parent directory to redirect file capability updates to an attacker-controlled file. By doing so, capabilities can be injected into or stripped from unintended executables, leading to privilege escalation."}], "problemTypes": [{"descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "type": "CWE", "cweId": "CWE-367", "description": "Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition"}]}], "providerMetadata": {"orgId": "53f830b8-0a3f-465b-8143-3b8a9948e749", "shortName": "redhat", "dateUpdated": "2026-04-09T16:33:13.800Z"}, "x_redhatCweChain": "CWE-367: Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition"}}, "cveMetadata": {"cveId": "CVE-2026-4878", "state": "PUBLISHED", "dateUpdated": "2026-04-10T03:56:06.647Z", "dateReserved": "2026-03-26T06:32:41.308Z", "assignerOrgId": "53f830b8-0a3f-465b-8143-3b8a9948e749", "datePublished": "2026-04-09T14:49:02.942Z", "assignerShortName": "redhat"}, "dataVersion": "5.2"}

{"cveTags": [], "descriptions": [{"lang": "en", "value": "A flaw was found in libcap. A local unprivileged user can exploit a Time-of-check-to-time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition in the `cap_set_file()` function. This allows an attacker with write access to a parent directory to redirect file capability updates to an attacker-controlled file. By doing so, capabilities can be injected into or stripped from unintended executables, leading to privilege escalation."}], "id": "CVE-2026-4878", "lastModified": "2026-04-09T16:16:31.987", "metrics": {"cvssMetricV31": [{"cvssData": {"attackComplexity": "HIGH", "attackVector": "LOCAL", "availabilityImpact": "HIGH", "baseScore": 6.7, "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM", "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH", "integrityImpact": "HIGH", "privilegesRequired": "LOW", "scope": "UNCHANGED", "userInteraction": "REQUIRED", "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "version": "3.1"}, "exploitabilityScore": 0.8, "impactScore": 5.9, "source": "secalert@redhat.com", "type": "Primary"}]}, "published": "2026-04-09T16:16:31.987", "references": [{"source": "secalert@redhat.com", "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-4878"}, {"source": "secalert@redhat.com", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2447554"}, {"source": "secalert@redhat.com", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2451615"}, {"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/04/07/14"}, {"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/04/07/4"}, {"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/04/08/9"}, {"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/04/09/5"}, {"source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108", "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/04/09/6"}], "sourceIdentifier": "secalert@redhat.com", "vulnStatus": "Received", "weaknesses": [{"description": [{"lang": "en", "value": "CWE-367"}], "source": "secalert@redhat.com", "type": "Primary"}]}

{"acknowledgement": "Red Hat would like to thank Ali Raza for reporting this issue.", "bugzilla": {"description": "libcap: libcap: Privilege escalation via TOCTOU race condition in cap_set_file()", "id": "2451615", "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2451615"}, "csaw": false, "cvss3": {"cvss3_base_score": "6.7", "cvss3_scoring_vector": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H", "status": "draft"}, "cwe": "CWE-367", "details": ["A flaw was found in libcap. A local unprivileged user can exploit a Time-of-check-to-time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition in the `cap_set_file()` function. This allows an attacker with write access to a parent directory to redirect file capability updates to an attacker-controlled file. By doing so, capabilities can be injected into or stripped from unintended executables, leading to privilege escalation."], "mitigation": {"lang": "en:us", "value": "Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base, or stability."}, "name": "CVE-2026-4878", "package_state": [{"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "libcap", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "compat-libcap1", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6", "fix_state": "Out of support scope", "package_name": "libcap", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "compat-libcap1", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "libcap", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "libcap", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "libcap", "product_name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:hummingbird:1", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "libcap", "product_name": "Red Hat Hardened Images"}, {"cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4", "fix_state": "Affected", "package_name": "rhcos", "product_name": "Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4"}], "public_date": "2026-04-06T00:00:00Z", "references": ["https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-4878\nhttps://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-4878\nhttps://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2447554"], "statement": "This is an Important flaw. A Time-of-Check-to-Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) race condition in libcap's cap_set_file() allows a local unprivileged user to escalate privileges. An attacker with write access to a parent directory can exploit a narrow window during file capability updates to redirect capabilities to an attacker-controlled file. This can lead to the injection of elevated privileges into an unintended executable when privileged processes, such as setcap or container tooling, invoke cap_set_file() on attacker-influenced paths.", "threat_severity": "Important"}